What was the first probe that successfully landed on Mars?
Curiosity
Viking 1
Pionner 10
Luna 1
Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft (along with Viking 2) sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. On July 20, 1976, it became the first spacecraft to land successfully on Mars and perform its mission. Viking 1 held the record for the longest Mars surface mission of 2307 days until that record was broken by Opportunity on May 19, 2010.
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Answers by country
Curiosity
Viking 1
Pionner 10
Luna 1
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10

195

16

17

11

56

95

345

7770

18

27

11

32

379

23

20

16

12

13