10 most difficult Middle East riddles

The Alexandrian Crusade was led by Peter I of Cyprus against Alexandria in Egypt. Unlike the more prominent Crusades, it seems to have been motivated largely by economic interests. Peter wanted to end the primacy of Alexandria as a port in the Eastern Mediterranean in the hope that Famagusta would then benefit from the redirected trade. Religious concerns, then, were secondary.

Aleph derives from an Egyptian hieroglyph depicting an ox's head. Tilt your head to the right and you will see this. The Phoenician word aleph means ox.

Melek Taus is one of the central figures of Yazidi religion. In Yazidi creation stories, God created the world and entrusted it to the care of seven Holy Beings, often known as Angels or heft sirr ('the Seven Mysteries'), preeminent of which is Tawûsê Melek, the Peacock Angel.

Samsung C&T Corporation (Construction and Trade), established in 1938, is the origin of Samsung Group. Samsung C&T was the primary contractor of 3 worlds tallest skyscrapers: Burj Khalifa, Petronas Twin Towers and Taipei 101.

The Mediterranean Sea makes up the majority of Israel's coastline. But Israel also has a small coastline on the Red Sea in the south, with the port of Eilat. This 11 km (7 miles) wide strip of land separates Egypt from Jordan, so tourists visiting Egypt typically need to approach Jordan by the sea if they want to visit Petra.

Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces (Persian: Ostān), each governed from a local center, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital of that province. The provincial authority is headed by a Governor-General, who is appointed by the Minister of the Interior subject to approval of the cabinet.

The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état , was the overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favour of strengthening the monarchical rule of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi on 19 August 1953, orchestrated by the United Kingdom (under the name "Operation Boot") and the United States (under the name TPAJAX Project or "Operation Ajax") and the first United States covert action to overthrow a foreign government during peacetime.

Eight countries have access to the Persian Gulf: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

Nineveh was one of the oldest and greatest cities in antiquity. Ninus (Greek: Νίνος), according to Greek historians writing in the Hellenistic period, was accepted as the eponymous founder of Nineveh ancient capital of Assyria. His name is not attested on the Assyrian

The name of fez comes from the city of Fes, Morocco, where it became fashionable among Andalusian Arabs in the 17th century. The fez got widely popular in the Ottoman Empire after 1829, when Sultan Mahmud II ordered his civil officials to wear the plain fez, and also banned the wearing of turbans.