When was the first successful human torpedo attack launched?

in 1863
in 1918
in 1941
in 1943
Although the term human torpedo is usually associated with Japan during the WW II, it was actually developed much earlier. On 1 November 1918, an Italian manned torpedo nicknamed Mignatta sank the Austrian battleship Viribus Unitis and the freighter Wien using limpet mines. It was the first successful attack of its kind.
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Answers by country

in 1863
in 1918
in 1941
in 1943
answers
flagFrance
9%
81%
9%
0%
11
flagAustralia
15%
56%
15%
8%
57
flagPoland
13%
53%
23%
9%
3785
flagGermany
18%
52%
21%
8%
305
flagthe United Kingdom
21%
49%
16%
11%
110
flagIndia
20%
48%
24%
8%
25
flagthe United States
26%
46%
15%
10%
104
flagRepublic of Ireland
26%
46%
26%
0%
15
flagCanada
14%
42%
21%
21%
14
flagAustria
29%
40%
25%
5%
72
flagGreece
6%
40%
40%
13%
15
flagItaly
12%
38%
28%
20%
39
flagSwitzerland
23%
38%
29%
8%
34
flagthe Netherlands
7%
38%
30%
23%
13