When was the first successful human torpedo attack launched?

in 1863
in 1918
in 1941
in 1943
Although the term human torpedo is usually associated with Japan during the WW II, it was actually developed much earlier. On 1 November 1918, an Italian manned torpedo nicknamed Mignatta sank the Austrian battleship Viribus Unitis and the freighter Wien using limpet mines. It was the first successful attack of its kind.
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Answers by country

in 1863
in 1918
in 1941
in 1943
answers
flagFrance
9%
81%
9%
0%
11
flagAustralia
15%
56%
15%
8%
57
flagPoland
13%
53%
22%
9%
3694
flagGermany
15%
53%
22%
8%
271
flagthe United Kingdom
20%
49%
16%
12%
106
flagIndia
20%
48%
24%
8%
25
flagRepublic of Ireland
23%
46%
30%
0%
13
flagthe United States
27%
44%
16%
11%
99
flagCanada
14%
42%
21%
21%
14
flagAustria
29%
40%
25%
5%
72
flagGreece
6%
40%
40%
13%
15
flagItaly
13%
39%
28%
18%
38
flagthe Netherlands
7%
38%
30%
23%
13
flagSwitzerland
21%
37%
31%
9%
32