John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain and William Bradford Shockley received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 for the invention of:

The transistor heralded in the “Information Age” and paved the way for the development of almost every electronic device, from radios to computers to space shuttles. For their monumental “researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect,"4 Bardeen, Shockley and Brattain were presented with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956.